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 Earth Atmospheric Science: People
Michelle Santee's Picture
Address:
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
M/S 233-200
4800 Oak Grove Drive
Pasadena, CA 91109
Phone:
818.354.9424
Fax:
818.393.5065
Email:

Michelle Santee
Section Manager

Education
  • B.S. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University (1982)
  • M.S. Aerospace Engineering, University of Texas at Austin (1984)
  • M.S. Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology (1989)
  • Ph.D. Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology (1993)
Research Interests
  • Processes controlling trace gas distributions in the upper troposphere / lowermost stratosphere, such as stratosphere-troposphere exchange
  • Transport of pollution in the UT/LS
  • Polar processes in the lower stratosphere, such as chlorine activation and deactivation, polar stratospheric cloud formation, denitrification and dehydration, and polar ozone loss
  • Stratospheric effects of solar energetic particle events
Projects

MLS - Microwave Limb Sounder Icon MLS - Microwave Limb Sounder
The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) experiments measure naturally-occurring microwave thermal emission from the limb (edge) of Earth's atmosphere to remotely sense vertical profiles of atmospheric gases, temperature, pressure, and cloud ice.

Professional Experience
  • Jet Propulsion Laboratory
    • Manager, Earth Atmospheric Science Section (2009-Present)
    • Supervisor, Microwave Atmospheric Science Group (2006-2009)
    • Scientist/Research Scientist/Principal Scientist (1994-Present)
Selected Publications
  1. Brakebusch, M., C.E. Randall, D.E. Kinnison, S. Tilmes, M.L. Santee, and G.L. Manney, Evaluation of Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model simulations of ozone during Arctic winter 2004-2005, J. Geophys. Res., in press, 2013.
  2. Wang, S., K.-F. Li, T.J. Pongetti, S.P. Sander, Y.L. Yung, M.-C. Liang, N.J Livesey, M.L. Santee, J.W. Harder, M. Snow, F.P. Mills, Midlatitude atmospheric OH response to the most recent 11-y solar cycle, PNAS, 110, 2023-2028, 2013.
  3. Livesey, N.J., J.A. Logan, M.L. Santee, J.W. Waters, R.M. Doherty, W.G. Read, L. Froidevaux, and J.H. Jiang, Interrelated variations of O3, CO and deep convection in the tropical/subtropical upper troposphere observed by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) during 2004-2011, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 579- 598, 2013.
  4. Kvissel, O.-K., Y.J. Orsolini, F. Stordal, I.S.A. Isaksen, and M.L. Santee, Formation of stratospheric nitric acid by a hydrated ion cluster reaction: Implications for the effect of energetic particle precipitation on the middle atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D16301, doi:10.1029/2011JD017257, 2012.
  5. Kuttippurath, J., S. Godin-Beekmann, F. Lefe´vre, G. Nikulin, M.L. Santee, and L. Froidevaux, Record- breaking ozone loss in the Arctic winter 2010/2011: Comparison with 1996/1997, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 7073-7085, 2012.
  6. Damiani, A., B. Funke, D.R. Marsh, M.Lo´pez-Puertas, M.L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, S. Wang, C.H. Jackman, T. von Clarmann, A. Gardini, R.R. Cordero, and M. Storini, Impact of January 2005 solar proton events on chlorine species, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 4159-4179, 2012.
  7. Lambert, A., M.L. Santee, D.L. Wu, and J.H. Chae, A-train CALIOP and MLS observations of early winter Antarctic polar stratospheric clouds and nitric acid in 2008, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 2899-2931, 2012.
  8. Manney, G.L., M.L. Santee, M. Rex, N.J. Livesey, M.C. Pitts, P. Veefkind, E.R. Nash, I. Wohltmann, R. Lehmann, L. Froidevaux, L.R. Poole, M.R. Schoeberl, D.P. Haffner, J. Davies, V. Dorokhov, H. Gernandt, B. Johnson, R. Kivi, E. Kyro¨, N. Larsen, P.F. Levelt, A. Makshtas, C.T. McElroy, H. Nakajima, M.C. Parrondo, D.W. Tarasick, P. von der Gathen, K.A. Walker, and N.S. Zinoviev, Unprecedented Arctic ozone loss in 2011, Nature, 478, 469-475, doi:10.1038/nature10556, 2011.
  9. Khosrawi, F., J. Urban, M.C. Pitts, P. Voelger, P. Achtert, M. Kaphlanov, M.L. Santee, G.L. Manney, D. Murtagh, and K.-H. Fricke, Denitrification and polar stratospheric cloud formation during the Arctic winter 2009/2010, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 8471-8487, 2011.
  10. Feng, W. M.P. Chipperfield, S. Davies, G.W. Mann, K.S. Carslaw, S. Dhomse, L. Harvey, C. Randall, and M.L. Santee, Modelling the effect of denitrification on polar ozone depletion for Arctic winter 2004/2005, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 6559-6573, 2011.
  11. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, M.J. Schwartz, and W.G. Read, Trace gas evolution in the lowermost stratosphere from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D18306, doi:10.1029/2011JD015590, 2011.
  12. Jones, A., J. Urban, D.P. Murtagh, C. Sanchez, K.A. Walker, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, Analysis of HCl and ClO time series in the upper stratosphere using satellite data sets, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5321-5333, 2011.
  13. Manney, G.L., M.I. Hegglin, W.H. Daffer, M.L. Santee, E.A. Ray, S. Pawson, M.J. Schwartz, C.D. Boone, L. Froidevaux, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, and K.A. Walker, Jet characterization in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS): Applications to climatology and transport studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 6115- 6137, 2011.
  14. Pumphrey, H.C., M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, M.J. Schwartz, and W.G. Read, Microwave Limb Sounder observations of biomass-burning products from the Australian bush fires of February 2009, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 6285-6296, 2011.
  15. Verronen, P.T., M.L. Santee, G.L. Manney, and R. Lehmann, Nitric acid enhancements in the mesosphere during the January 2005 and December 2006 solar proton events, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D17301, doi:10.1029/2011JD016075, 2011.
  16. Nedoluha, G.E., B.J. Connor, J. Barret, T. Mooney, A. Parrish, I. Boyd, J. Wrotny, R.M. Gomez, J. Koda, M.L. Santee, and L. Froidevaux, Ground-based measurements of ClO from Mauna Kea and intercomparisons with Aura and UARS MLS, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D02307, doi:10.1029/2010JD014732, 2011.
  17. Su, H., J.H. Jiang, X. Liu, J.E. Penner, W.G. Read, S. Massie, M.R. Schoeberl, P. Colarco, N.J. Livesey, and M.L. Santee, Enhanced water vapor transport to the stratosphere by pollutants in Asia, J. Clim., 24, 2728-2736, 2011.
  18. Santee, M.L., S.P. Sander, N.J. Livesey, and L. Froidevaux, Constraining the chlorine monoxide (ClO)/chlorine peroxide (ClOOCl) equilibrium constant from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements of nighttime ClO, PNAS, 107, 6588-6593, 2010.
  19. Damiani, A., M. Storini, M.L. Santee, and S. Wang, Variability of the nighttime OH layer and mesospheric ozone at high latitudes during northern winter: Influence of meteorology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 10,291- 10,303, 2010.
  20. Jiang, J.H., H. Su, S. Pawson, H-C. Li, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, M.L. Santee, D.L. Wu, M. Schwartz, A. Lambert, R. Fuller, J.N. Lee, and N.J. Livesey, Five-year (2004-2009) observations of upper tropospheric water vapor and cloud ice from MLS and comparisons with GEOS-5 analyses, J. Geophys. Res., 115, doi:10.1029/ 2009JD013256, 2010.
  21. Kawa, S.R., R.S. Stolarski, P.A. Newman, A.R. Douglass, M. Rex, D.J. Hofmann, M.L. Santee, and K. Frieler, Sensitivity of polar stratospheric ozone loss to uncertainties in chemical reaction kinetics, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8651-8660, 2009.
  22. Manney, G.L., R.S. Harwood, I.A. MacKenzie, K. Minschwaner, D.R. Allen, M.L. Santee, K.A. Walker, M.I. Hegglin, A. Lambert, H.C. Pumphrey, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, M.J. Schwartz, N.J. Livesey, W.H. Daffer, and R.A. Fuller, Satellite observations and modelling of transport in the upper troposphere through the lower mesosphere during the 2006 major stratospheric sudden warming, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4775- 4795, 2009.
  23. Manney, G.L., M.J. Schwartz, K. Krüger, M.L. Santee, S. Pawson, J.N. Lee, W.H. Daffer, R.A. Fuller, and N.J. Livesey, Aura Microwave Limb Sounder observations of dynamics and transport during the record-breaking 2009 Arctic stratospheric major warming, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12815, doi:10.1029/ 2009GL038586, 2009.
  24. Popp, P.J., T.P. Marcy, R.S. Gao, L.A. Watts, D.W. Fahey, E.C. Richard, S.J. Oltmans, M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, B. Sen, G.C. Toon, K.A. Walker, C.D. Boone, P.F. Bernath, Stratospheric correlation between nitric acid and ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D03305, doi:10.1029/2008JD010875, 2009.
  25. Santee, M.L., I.A. MacKenzie, G.L. Manney, M.P. Chipperfield, P.F. Bernath, K.A. Walker, C.D. Boone, L. Froidevaux, N.J. Livesey, and J.W. Waters, A study of stratospheric chlorine partitioning based on new satellite measurements and modeling, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D12307, doi:10.1029/2007JD009057, 2008.
  26. Santee, M.L., et al., Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder ClO measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S22, doi:10.1029/2007JD008762, 2008.
  27. Su, H., et al., Variations of tropical upper tropospheric clouds with sea surface temperature and implications for radiative effects, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D10211, doi:10.1029/2007JD009624, 2008.
  28. Manney, G.L., et al., The high Arctic in extreme winters: Vortex, temperature, and MLS and ACE-FTS trace gas evolution, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 505­522, 2008.
  29. Santee, M.L., et al., Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder HNO3 measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S40, doi:10.1029/2007JD008721, 2007.
  30. Kovalenko, L.J., et al., Observed and modeled HOCl profiles in the midlatitude stratosphere: Implication for Ozone Loss, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L19801, doi:10.1029/2007GL031100, 2007.
  31. Manney, G.L., et al., Solar occultation satellite data and derived meteorological products: Sampling issues and comparisons with Aura MLS, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S50, doi:10.1029/2007JD008709, 2007.
  32. Ruzmaikin, A., M.L. Santee, M.J. Schwartz, L. Froidevaux, and H.M. Pickett, The 27-day variations in stratospheric ozone and temperature: New MLS data, Geophys. Res. Lett., L02819, doi:10.1029/2006GL028419, 2007.
  33. Jimenez, C., H.C. Pumphrey, I.A. MacKenzie, G.L. Manney, M.L. Santee, M.J. Schwartz, R.S. Harwood, and J.W. Waters, EOS MLS observations of dehydration in the 2004-2005 polar winters, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L16806, doi:10.1029/2006GL025926, 2006.
  34. Schoeberl, M.R., T.J. McGee, A.R. Douglass, S.R. Kawa, E.V. Browell, J.W. Waters, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, H.C. Pumphrey, L.R. Lait, and L. Twigg, Chemical observations of a polar vortex intrusion, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D20306, doi:10.1029/2006JD007134, 2006.
  35. Manney, G.L., N.J. Livesey, C.J. Jimenez, H.C. Pumphrey, M.L. Santee, I.A. MacKenzie, L. Froidevaux, and J.W. Waters, EOS MLS observations of "frozen-in" anticyclonic air in Arctic in summer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L06810, doi:10.1029/2005GL025418, 2006.
  36. Manney, G.L., M.L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, K. Hoppel, N.J. Livesey, and J.W. Waters, EOS MLS observations of ozone loss in the 20042005 Arctic winter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L04802, doi:10.1029/2005GL024494, 2006.
  37. Davies, S., G.W. Mann, K.S. Carslaw, M.P. Chipperfield, J.A. Kettleborough, M.L. Santee, H. Oelhaf, G. Wetzel, Y. Sasano, and T. Sugita, 3D microphysical model studies of Arctic denitrification: Comparison with observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 3093-3109, 2005.
  38. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, H.C. Pumphrey, W.G. Read, M.J. Schwartz, and J.W. Waters, Polar processing and development of the 2004 Antarctic ozone hole: First results from MLS on Aura, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L12817, doi:10.1029/2005GL022582, 2005.
  39. Manney, G.L., M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, H.C. Pumphrey, W.G. Read, and J.W. Waters, EOS Microwave Limb Sounder observations of the Antarctic polar vortex breakup in 2004, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L12811, doi:10.1029/2005GL022823, 2005.
  40. Hoppel, K., R. Bevilacqua, T. Canty, R. Salawitch, and M.L. Santee, A measurement/model comparison of ozone photochemical loss in the Antarctic ozone hole using POAM observations and the Match technique, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D19304, doi:10.1029/2004JD005651, 2005.

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