NASA Logo Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology View the NASA Portal
NASA Banner
NASA Banner
NASA Banner
JPL HOME EARTH SOLAR SYSTEM STARS & GALAXIES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
NASA Banner
JPL Science
JPL Science Division Home
Planetary Science Planetary Science
Astrophysics & Space Sciences Astrophysics & Space Sciences
Climate, Oceans and Solid Earth Sciences Climate, Oceans and Solid Earth Sciences
Earth Atmospheric Science Earth Atmospheric Science
People
Projects
Atmospheric Observations
Tropospheric Sounding, Assimilation, and Modeling (TSAM)
Microwave Atmospheric Science
Aerosol and Cloud Science
Laboratory Studies and Modeling
Table Mountain Facility
Climate Physics
Directorate Science Affiliates Directorate Science Affiliates
Table Mountain Facility Table Mountain Facility
Open Postdoc Positions Open Postdoc Positions
Brochures Brochures
 Earth Atmospheric Science: People
Michelle Santee's Picture
Address:
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
M/S 183-701
4800 Oak Grove Drive
Pasadena, CA 91109
Phone:
818.354.9424
Fax:
818.393.5065
Email:

Michelle Santee
Section Manager

Education
  • B.S. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University (1982)
  • M.S. Aerospace Engineering, University of Texas at Austin (1984)
  • M.S. Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology (1989)
  • Ph.D. Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology (1993)
Research Interests
  • Polar processes in the lower stratosphere, such as chlorine activation and deactivation, polar stratospheric cloud formation, denitrification and dehydration, and polar ozone loss
  • Processes controlling trace gas distributions in the upper troposphere / lowermost stratosphere, such as stratosphere-troposphere exchange
  • Transport of pollution in the UT/LS
  • Stratospheric effects of solar energetic particle events
Projects

MLS - Microwave Limb Sounder Icon MLS - Microwave Limb Sounder
The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) experiments measure naturally-occurring microwave thermal emission from the limb (edge) of Earth's atmosphere to remotely sense vertical profiles of atmospheric gases, temperature, pressure, and cloud ice.

Professional Experience
  • Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Microwave Atmospheric Science Element (1992-Present)
    • Section Manager, Earth Atmospheric Science (2009-Present)
    • Group Supervisor (2006-2009)
    • Scientist/Research Scientist/Principal Scientist (1994-Present)
    • National Research Council Research Associate (1992-1994)
  • California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Research Assistant (1987-1992)
  • Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Solar System Dynamics Group, Member of Technical Staff (1985-1987)
Selected Publications
  1. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, M.J. Schwartz, and W.G. Read, Trace gas evolution in the lowermost stratosphere from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2011JD015590, in press, 2011.
  2. Jones, A., J. Urban, D.P. Murtagh, C. Sanchez, K.A. Walker, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, Analysis of HCl and ClO time series in the upper stratosphere using satellite data sets, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, in press, 2011.
  3. Manney, G.L., M.I. Hegglin, W.H. Daffer, M.L. Santee, E.A. Ray, S. Pawson, M.J. Schwartz, C.D. Boone, L. Froidevaux, N.J. Livesey, W.G. Read, and K.A. Walker, Jet characterization in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS): Applications to climatology and transport studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, in press, 2011.
  4. Pumphrey, H.C., M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, M.J. Schwartz, and W.G. Read, Microwave Limb Sounder observations of biomass-burning products from the Australian bush fires of February 2009, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, in press, 2011.
  5. Verronen, P.T., M.L. Santee, G.L. Manney, and R. Lehmann, Nitric acid enhancements in the mesosphere during the January 2005 and December 2006 solar proton events, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2011JD016075, in press, 2011.
  6. Nedoluha, G.E., B.J. Connor, J. Barret, T. Mooney, A. Parrish, I. Boyd, J. Wrotny, R.M. Gomez, J. Koda, M.L. Santee, and L. Froidevaux, Ground-based measurements of ClO from Mauna Kea and intercomparisons with Aura and UARS MLS, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D02307, doi:10.1029/2010JD014732, 2011.
  7. Su, H., J.H. Jiang, X. Liu, J.E. Penner, W.G. Read, S. Massie, M.R. Schoeberl, P. Colarco, N.J. Livesey, and M.L. Santee, Enhanced water vapor transport to the stratosphere by pollutants in Asia, J. Clim., 24, 2728-2736, 2011.
  8. Santee, M.L., S.P. Sander, N.J. Livesey, and L. Froidevaux, Constraining the chlorine monoxide (ClO)/chlorine peroxide (ClOOCl) equilibrium constant from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements of nighttime ClO, PNAS, 107, 6588-6593, 2010.
  9. Damiani, A., M. Storini, M.L. Santee, and S. Wang, Variability of the nighttime OH layer and mesospheric ozone at high latitudes during northern winter: Influence of meteorology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 10,291- 10,303, 2010.
  10. Jiang, J.H., H. Su, S. Pawson, H-C. Li, W.G. Read, J.W. Waters, M.L. Santee, D.L. Wu, M. Schwartz, A. Lambert, R. Fuller, J.N. Lee, and N.J. Livesey, Five-year (2004-2009) observations of upper tropospheric water vapor and cloud ice from MLS and comparisons with GEOS-5 analyses, J. Geophys. Res., 115, doi:10.1029/ 2009JD013256, 2010.
  11. Kawa, S.R., R.S. Stolarski, P.A. Newman, A.R. Douglass, M. Rex, D.J. Hofmann, M.L. Santee, and K. Frieler, Sensitivity of polar stratospheric ozone loss to uncertainties in chemical reaction kinetics, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8651-8660, 2009.
  12. Manney, G.L., R.S. Harwood, I.A. MacKenzie, K. Minschwaner, D.R. Allen, M.L. Santee, K.A. Walker, M.I. Hegglin, A. Lambert, H.C. Pumphrey, P.F. Bernath, C.D. Boone, M.J. Schwartz, N.J. Livesey, W.H. Daffer, and R.A. Fuller, Satellite observations and modelling of transport in the upper troposphere through the lower mesosphere during the 2006 major stratospheric sudden warming, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4775- 4795, 2009.
  13. Manney, G.L., M.J. Schwartz, K. Krüger, M.L. Santee, S. Pawson, J.N. Lee, W.H. Daffer, R.A. Fuller, and N.J. Livesey, Aura Microwave Limb Sounder observations of dynamics and transport during the record-breaking 2009 Arctic stratospheric major warming, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12815, doi:10.1029/ 2009GL038586, 2009.
  14. Popp, P.J., T.P. Marcy, R.S. Gao, L.A. Watts, D.W. Fahey, E.C. Richard, S.J. Oltmans, M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, B. Sen, G.C. Toon, K.A. Walker, C.D. Boone, P.F. Bernath, Stratospheric correlation between nitric acid and ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D03305, doi:10.1029/2008JD010875, 2009.
  15. Santee, M.L., I.A. MacKenzie, G.L. Manney, M.P. Chipperfield, P.F. Bernath, K.A. Walker, C.D. Boone, L. Froidevaux, N.J. Livesey, and J.W. Waters, A study of stratospheric chlorine partitioning based on new satellite measurements and modeling, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D12307, doi:10.1029/2007JD009057, 2008
  16. Santee, M.L., et al., Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder ClO measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S22, doi:10.1029/2007JD008762, 2008
  17. Su, H., et al., Variations of tropical upper tropospheric clouds with sea surface temperature and implications for radiative effects, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D10211, doi:10.1029/2007JD009624, 2008
  18. Manney, G.L., et al., The high Arctic in extreme winters: Vortex, temperature, and MLS and ACE-FTS trace gas evolution, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 505­522, 2008.
  19. Santee, M.L., et al., Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder HNO3 measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S40, doi:10.1029/2007JD008721, 2007.
  20. Connor, B.J., T. Mooney, J. Barrett, P. Solomon, A. Parrish, and M.L. Santee, Comparison of ClO measurements from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder to ground-based microwave measurements at Scott Base, Antarctica, in Spring 2005, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S42, doi:10.1029/2007JD008792, 2007.
  21. Kovalenko, L.J., et al., Observed and modeled HOCl profiles in the midlatitude stratosphere: Implication for Ozone Loss, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L19801, doi:10.1029/2007GL031100, 2007.
  22. Manney, G.L., et al., Solar occultation satellite data and derived meteorological products: Sampling issues and comparisons with Aura MLS, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S50, doi:10.1029/2007JD008709, 2007.
  23. Ruzmaikin, A., M.L. Santee, M.J. Schwartz, L. Froidevaux, and H.M. Pickett, The 27-day variations in stratospheric ozone and temperature: New MLS data, Geophys. Res. Lett., L02819, doi:10.1029/2006GL028419, 2007.
  24. Jimenez, C., H.C. Pumphrey, I.A. MacKenzie, G.L. Manney, M.L. Santee, M.J. Schwartz, R.S. Harwood, and J.W. Waters, EOS MLS observations of dehydration in the 2004-2005 polar winters, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L16806, doi:10.1029/2006GL025926, 2006.
  25. Schoeberl, M.R., T.J. McGee, A.R. Douglass, S.R. Kawa, E.V. Browell, J.W. Waters, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, H.C. Pumphrey, L.R. Lait, and L. Twigg, Chemical observations of a polar vortex intrusion, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D20306, doi:10.1029/2006JD007134, 2006.
  26. Manney, G.L., N.J. Livesey, C.J. Jimenez, H.C. Pumphrey, M.L. Santee, I.A. MacKenzie, L. Froidevaux, and J.W. Waters, EOS MLS observations of "frozen-in" anticyclonic air in Arctic in summer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L06810, doi:10.1029/2005GL025418, 2006.
  27. Manney, G.L., M.L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, K. Hoppel, N.J. Livesey, and J.W. Waters, EOS MLS observations of ozone loss in the 20042005 Arctic winter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L04802, doi:10.1029/2005GL024494, 2006.
  28. Waters, J.W., et al., The Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder (EOS MLS) on the Aura satellite, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing, 44, 1075-1092, 2006.
  29. Davies, S., G.W. Mann, K.S. Carslaw, M.P. Chipperfield, J.A. Kettleborough, M.L. Santee, H. Oelhaf, G. Wetzel, Y. Sasano, and T. Sugita, 3D microphysical model studies of Arctic denitrification: Comparison with observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 3093-3109, 2005.
  30. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, H.C. Pumphrey, W.G. Read, M.J. Schwartz, and J.W. Waters, Polar processing and development of the 2004 Antarctic ozone hole: First results from MLS on Aura, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L12817, doi:10.1029/2005GL022582, 2005.
  31. Manney, G.L., M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, L. Froidevaux, H.C. Pumphrey, W.G. Read, and J.W. Waters, EOS Microwave Limb Sounder observations of the Antarctic polar vortex breakup in 2004, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L12811, doi:10.1029/2005GL022823, 2005.
  32. Hoppel, K., R. Bevilacqua, T. Canty, R. Salawitch, and M.L. Santee, A measurement/model comparison of ozone photochemical loss in the Antarctic ozone hole using POAM observations and the Match technique, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D19304, doi:10.1029/2004JD005651, 2005.
  33. Orsolini, Y.J., G.L. Manney, M.L. Santee, and C.E. Randall, An upper stratospheric layer of enhanced HNO3 following exceptional solar flares, Geophys. Res. Lett., L12S01, doi:10.1029/2004GL021588, 2005.
  34. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, and W.G. Read, Three-dimensional structure and evolution of stratospheric HNO3 based on UARS Microwave Limb Sounder measurements, J. Geophys. Res., D15306, doi:10.1029/2004JD004578, 2004.
  35. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, N.J. Livesey, and W.G. Read, Three-dimensional structure and evolution of stratospheric HNO3 based on UARS Microwave Limb Sounder measurements, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2004JD004578, 2004.
  36. Livesey, N.J., M.D. Fromm, J.W. Waters, G.L. Manney, M.L. Santee, and W.G. Read, Enhancements in lower stratospheric CH3CN observed by the UARS Microwave Limb Sounder following boreal forest fires, J. Geophys.Res., D06308, doi:10.1029/2003JD004055, 2004.
  37. Santee, M.L., G.L. Manney, J.W. Waters, and N.J. Livesey, Variations and climatology of ClO in the polar lower stratosphere from UARS MLS measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4454, doi:10.1029/2002JD003335, 2003.
  38. Manney, G.L., L. Froidevaux, M.L. Santee, N.J. Livesey, J.L. Sabutis, and J.W. Waters, Variability of ozone loss during Arctic winter (1991-2000) estimated from UARS Microwave Limb Sounder measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4149, doi:10.1029/2002JD002634, 2003.
  39. Rex, M., R.J. Salawitch, M.L. Santee, J.W. Waters, K. Hoppel, and R. Bevilacqua, On the unexplained stratospheric ozone losses during cold Arctic Januaries, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1008, doi:10.1029/2002GL016008, 2003.
  40. Santee, M.L., A. Tabazadeh, G.L. Manney, M.D. Fromm, R.M. Bevilacqua, J.W. Waters, and E.J. Jensen, A Lagrangian approach to studying Arctic polar stratospheric clouds using UARS MLS HNO3 and POAM II aerosol extinction measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 107, doi:10.1029/2000JD000227, 2002.

Section Home Page
People in the Section Office
Section Projects
JPL Privacy Statement Sitemap Email Contact Form
FIRST GOV NASA Home Page   Site Manager: Mona Jasnow
  Webmaster: David Martin
  Privacy/Copyright